Understanding the 8th Principle: Unalienable Rights from “The 5000 Year Leap”
In W. Cleon Skousen’s influential book, “The 5000 Year Leap: Twenty-Eight Great Ideas That Are Changing the World,” the 8th principle is dedicated to the notion that “men are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights.” This principle is deeply rooted in the American ethos, particularly as reflected in the Declaration of Independence, and it plays a critical role in understanding the philosophical backbone of the United States’ founding.
The Concept of Unalienable Rights
Skousen’s exploration of this principle starts with the assertion that the rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness are not granted by any government or societal structure but are instead inherent gifts from a divine source, making them unalienable. This means these rights cannot be surrendered, sold, or transferred to someone else, nor can they be taken away without just cause.
- Natural Law: Skousen ties this principle to the concept of Natural Law, suggesting that these rights are part of the order of the universe established by a Creator. This is not merely a religious statement but a philosophical one, linking human rights to a higher, immutable set of laws that govern human conduct and societal organization.
Historical Context and Founding Fathers’ Belief
The Founding Fathers, influenced by Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke, who spoke of natural rights, believed that these rights were self-evident truths. Skousen points out:
- Equality Before God: This principle underpins the idea that all individuals are equal in the eyes of their Creator, thus deserving of equal treatment under the law.
- Government’s Role: The government’s primary function is to protect these unalienable rights rather than to grant or take them away. This perspective shifts the role of government from one of power over citizens to a guardian of their inherent freedoms.
Why Understanding This Principle is Beneficial
- Foundation of Freedom: Recognizing that rights are unalienable fosters a society where freedom is not seen as a gift from the state but as an inherent aspect of human existence. This understanding can lead to more robust protections of individual liberties.
- Moral and Legal Framework: It provides a moral and legal framework for the governance of society, where laws are seen as mechanisms to safeguard these rights rather than tools for control or oppression.
- Checks Against Tyranny: This principle serves as a check against tyranny by emphasizing that rights are not subject to the whims of rulers but are above them. It encourages a system where governance is by consent and for the protection of these rights.
- Educational Value: Skousen stresses the importance of educating citizens about these principles. An informed populace that understands the origin and sanctity of their rights is more likely to defend them, thus maintaining the integrity of the republic.
- Cultural Impact: Understanding this principle can lead to a culture of respect for individual dignity and autonomy, promoting a society where personal responsibility and mutual respect flourish.
Criticism and Modern Application
While Skousen’s work has garnered a significant following, especially among those who advocate for limited government and individual freedoms, it has also faced criticism for potentially oversimplifying historical complexities or for its religious undertones. Critics might argue that the application of such principles in modern contexts needs to consider the evolution of societal norms and legal interpretations.
However, the core idea of unalienable rights remains a cornerstone in discussions about human rights and governance worldwide, influencing not just American policy but global human rights dialogues.
Conclusion
Understanding the 8th principle from “The 5000 Year Leap” offers profound insights into why the architects of the U.S. government structured it as they did. It’s not just about legal rights but about recognizing a moral and spiritual dimension to human existence. This principle encourages an active, informed citizenry and a government held accountable to the protection of these sacred, unalienable rights.
For those interested in delving deeper into this topic, Skousen’s book provides a detailed exploration, backed by historical references and philosophical discussions, making it an essential read for anyone interested in the philosophical underpinnings of American democracy.
References:
- Skousen, W. Cleon. The 5000 Year Leap: Twenty-Eight Great Ideas That Are Changing the World. National Center for Constitutional Studies, 1981.